This manuscript examines how Marbury v. Madison influences the Japanese Constitution and the Administrative Case Litigation Act. The missing lesson of Marbury v. Madison in Japan is the fact that judicial review, which is not explicitly mentioned in the U.S. Constitution, is a creation of the judicial branch born out of Marbury v. Madison, and that the case was based on a dispute between the old and new Presidents. The 2004 amendments to the Administrative Case Law Act were expected by the Parliament to stop the executive branch. This makes it clear that the mandate of judicial review is not only to guarantee private rights, but also to realize the public interest. In response to the Parliament's expectation in the Administrative Case Litigation Act of 2004, the courts have shown that public law-related actions serve as a corrective function for the courts when the political process is dysfunctional. The Tokyo High Court, though not the Supreme Court, has condemned the Parliament for not amending the People's Examination of the Supreme Court Judge, which does not allow overseas Japanese to participate. Slowly, the Japanese courts are becoming more proactive in their judgments of the political departments.